Forest ecologists have been more concerned than agronomists with the inner mechanisms of natural and artificial ecosystems . 森林生態(tài)學(xué)家比農(nóng)學(xué)家更關(guān)心天然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和人工生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)部機(jī)制。
A swarm - based artificial ecosystem model 的人工生態(tài)系統(tǒng)模型
It ' s an artificial ecosystem designed to simulate corky ' s natural habitat 溫箱是人工的環(huán)境模擬克基生長(zhǎng)的自然環(huán)境
As an indicator of biodiversity and the function of ecosystem , avian community plays important role in either the natural or artificial ecosystem 鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)是野生動(dòng)物的一個(gè)重要組成部分,無(wú)論是對(duì)自然系統(tǒng)還是人造系統(tǒng)的生態(tài)功能和生物多樣性都具有重要指示作用。
Among the elements required by plant , nitrogen is the largest one , and at the same time it is a limited factoring the signal plant . natural ecosystem and artificial ecosystem 氮素是植物需求量最大的元素,同時(shí)是植物個(gè)體乃至自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和人工生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中作物生長(zhǎng)的限制因子。
Based on the enviroment of the nandagang wetland , combining the outside investigation and inside analysis , adopting the mathematical analysis methods such as the principal component analysis ( pca ) , regression analysis , correlation analysis etc . the type of wetland ecosystem , the flora of the wetland plant , the type , the function , the formation and succession and the outside influencial factors of the vegetation , the ecological conditions and biomass of the reed population are all studied . the main results can be concluded as follows : 1 ) the nandagang wetland is a freshwater one close to the bohai sea . its ecosystem can be divided into two parts : natural ecosystem and semi - artificial ecosystem 本研究從南大港濕地的實(shí)際環(huán)境出發(fā),采用樣方調(diào)查的方法,以外業(yè)調(diào)查和內(nèi)業(yè)分析相結(jié)合、野外采集測(cè)量與實(shí)驗(yàn)室分析處理相結(jié)合、定性描述與定量分析相結(jié)合為根本研究路線,應(yīng)用主分量分析( pca ) 、回歸分析、相關(guān)分析等數(shù)學(xué)分析手段,對(duì)南大港濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的類(lèi)型、濕地植物的區(qū)系組成、濕地植被類(lèi)型、植被的功能、植被的形成和演替、植被的外界影響因素、濕地蘆葦種群的生態(tài)條件和種群生物量等方面進(jìn)行了較深入的研究,主要研究結(jié)果如下: 1 )南大港濕地是濱海瀉湖型淡水濕地。
In addition , by means of landscape diversity , evenness , dominance , fragmentation , fractal dimension and statistics , the author respectively analyzed landforms , plant , soil and so on in the original ecosystem of the typical dumping site , the damaged ecosystem and the rehabilitated ecosystem . in fact , landscape matrix has been completely converted from the original ecosystem to the rehabilitated ecosystem . the indexes of diversity , evenness and dominance in forest landscape have sharply increased , but segregation decreased , which demonstrates that the rehabilitated ecosystem has been a reasonable and fine artificial ecosystem under the control of human 在此研究的基礎(chǔ)上,采用景觀多樣性指數(shù)、優(yōu)勢(shì)度指數(shù)、均勻度指數(shù)和破碎度指數(shù),以及分維方法和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)礦區(qū)典型排土場(chǎng)的原生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、破壞后的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、重建生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的地貌、植被、土壤等景觀要素進(jìn)行了分析,結(jié)果表明:從原生態(tài)系統(tǒng)到重建生態(tài)系統(tǒng),景觀基質(zhì)發(fā)生了根本性的變化,林地的多樣性、均勻性、優(yōu)勢(shì)度大幅度增加,分離度降低,顯示了重建生態(tài)系統(tǒng)在人為的調(diào)控下,已初步形成一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)較為合理、功能良好的人工復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。
The theory of landscape ecology about drastic disturbance of landforms has been richened . a practical way could be found to identify the final direction of artificial ecosystem succession . moreover , the results can be applied into study the land reclamation and ecological rehabilitation of the developed opencast mines and developing ones in loess plateau 本研究結(jié)果的學(xué)科價(jià)值:豐富了極端生境下劇烈擾動(dòng)地貌的景觀生態(tài)學(xué)理論,為確定人工正確誘導(dǎo)下的礦區(qū)生態(tài)演替方向提供了可借鑒的方法和途徑;應(yīng)用價(jià)值主要體現(xiàn):研究結(jié)果適宜于我國(guó)黃土高原正在開(kāi)采和將要開(kāi)采的大型露天煤礦的土地復(fù)墾與生態(tài)重建。